Colorful and visually interesting demonstration showing the interference pattern produced by light reflecting off of a soap bubble.

To show the interference fringes produced by a thin soap bubble.

In box labeled 'Thin Film Interference':

• 10cm diameter ring
• lens
• solution

Additionally:

• 35 mm projector
• various stands and clamps

A solution is made out of dish soap, water, and glycerin (to help prolong the life of the bubble). The metal ring is dipped into the solution (a pie plate works well to hold it) and placed into the test stand. The projector is aimed at the bubble film and the reflection is focused onto a distant screen using the lens.

These recipes were made for use with the 10cm diameter ring currently included in the box. For smaller or bigger sizes of bubbles a different solution may be desired.

Some notes on mixing your own: Start with just water and soap. A 50-50 mixture works okay on it's own, but is short lived (~10 seconds). Adding glycerin to the mixture will make the bubble last much longer. The water to glycerin ratio determines how quickly the interference pattern will develop. More glycerin, and it'll take much longer to show. More water and it'll develop much faster, and the horizontal banding due to gravity will also be much more apparent.

Presidents Choice 'Ultra Original 2X' dish soap was used for mixing these.

Interference pattern shows pretty quickly. Somewhat long lived. Horizontal banding due to gravity is strongly evident.

• 300 mL water
• 75 mL dish soap
• 30 mL glycerin

Interference pattern develops more slowly. Very long lived (hours). Some horizontal banding is evident, but since the solution is much thicker it's less dominant. Much greater degree of swirling and complicated shapes.

• 300 mL water
• 100 mL dish soap
• 100 mL glycerin

Students must be reminded that the lens has inverted the image. Depending on the solution you use, the thinnest portion of the film will therefore be seen at the bottom on the screen as an extended black area just before the bubble breaks.

General Location: There are many parts for this demo and nothing is specifically set aside. There are many pictures below that will hopefully aid in constructing this demonstration. This demonstration could be made with simple house-hold products.